1. sudo免密码

打开terminal

sudo passwd root
sudo su
vi /etc/sudoers

在最后添加内容

tiger ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL

2. 卸载系统自带软件

sudo apt autoremove --purge -y libreoffice-common thunderbird totem rhythmbox simple-scan gnome-mahjongg aisleriot gnome-mines cheese transmission-common gnome-sudoku firefox firefox-locale-en firefox-locale-zh-hans
sudo apt autoremove --purge -y

3. 更新系统源

sudo sed -i 's/archive.ubuntu.com/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/g' /etc/apt/sources.list

4. apt安装软件

sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y language-pack-zh-hans dialog iputils-ping iftop openssh-server tcl
sudo apt install -y lua5.1 libluajit-5.1-dev libperl-dev libncurses5-dev python3-dev ruby-dev libtcl tcl-dev libxml2-dev libxslt-dev libgeoip-dev libgd-dev
sudo apt install -y vim ack python3-pip vim zsh git subversion exuberant-ctags cscope clang-format lcov graphviz 
sudo apt install -y build-essential gcc g++ gdb clang cmake autoconf libtool
sudo chsh -s /bin/zsh

5. 开启ssh登录

5.1 生成ssh密钥

ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -a 100 -C "tiger@xiedeacc.com"
cat ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

5.2 配置sshd

vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config

内容

Include /etc/ssh/sshd\_config.d/\*.conf
Port 10022
ClientAliveInterval 360
ClientAliveCountMax 0

SyslogFacility AUTH

AllowUsers tiger
StrictModes yes
MaxAuthTries 3

AuthenticationMethods publickey
PubkeyAuthentication yes
PermitRootLogin no
PasswordAuthentication no
PermitEmptyPasswords no
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no

UsePAM yes
X11Forwarding yes
PrintMotd no

AcceptEnv LANG LC\_\*
Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server

5.3 重启sshd

sudo systemctl restart ssh

6. 桌面版配置

6.1 root登录桌面

vim /etc/pam.d/gdm-autologin
vim /etc/pam.d/gdm-password
vim /etc/gdm3/custom.conf

6.2 图像模式和命令行模式切换

systemctl set-default multi-user.target
systemctl set-default graphical.target

7. 系统配置

7.1 安装字体

sudo su
locale-gen en_US.UTF-8
update-locale 

wget https://github.com/fangwentong/dotfiles/raw/master/ubuntu-gui/fonts/Monaco.ttf
mkdir -p /usr/share/fonts/custom
mv Monaco.ttf /usr/share/fonts/custom
chmod 744 /usr/share/fonts/custom/Monaco.ttf
cd /usr/share/fonts/custom
mkfontscale
mkfontdir
fc-cache -fv

7.2 虚拟机开启时间同步和USB兼容性

ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
vi  /etc/default/locale
shutdown -P now
编辑虚拟机 -> 硬件 -> USB控制器兼容性3.0
编辑虚拟机 -> 选项 -> VMware Tools开启时间同步

详细可以参考

https://askubuntu.com/questions/1238397/ubuntu-server-20-04-time-format-24-hours-on-shell-with-date-command

8. 安装开发常用软件

8.1 oh-my-zsh

sh -c "\$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"

修改提示

vi .oh-my-zsh/themes/robbyrussell.zsh-theme

内容

PROMPT="%(?:%{$fg_bold[green]%}➜ :%{$fg_bold[red]%}➜ )"
PROMPT+=' %{$fg[cyan]%}$PWD%{$reset_color%} $(git_prompt_info)'
ZSH_THEME_GIT_PROMPT_PREFIX="%{$fg_bold[blue]%}git:(%{$fg[red]%}"
ZSH_THEME_GIT_PROMPT_SUFFIX="%{$reset_color%} "
ZSH_THEME_GIT_PROMPT_DIRTY="%{$fg[blue]%}) %{$fg[yellow]%}%1{✗%}"
ZSH_THEME_GIT_PROMPT_CLEAN="%{$fg[blue]%})"

8.2 rust

curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh

8.3 nvm

curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.39.7/install.sh | bash
nvm node_mirror: https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node/
nvm npm_mirror: https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/npm/
npm config set registry https://registry.npmmirror.com
npm install -g npm typescript js-beautify typescript-formatter eslint prettier instant-markdown-d

8.4 go

sudo su
cd /usr/local
wget https://go.dev/dl/go1.21.5.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar zxvf go1.21.5.linux-amd64.tar.gz
rm go1.21.5.linux-amd64.tar.gz
exit

8.5 java

sudo su
cd /usr/local
wget https://download.oracle.com/java/17/latest/jdk-17_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz
tar zxvf jdk-17_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz
rm jdk-17_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz
exit

8.6 设置python

mkdir ~/.pip
vi ~/.pip/pip.conf

内容

[global]
index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

安装python库

pip3 install -U numpy six wheel setuptools keras_applications keras_preprocessing pydot yapf autopep8 pylint cpplint vtk scipy matplotlib scikit-image scikit-learn ipython dlib wheel gevent mock pyyaml flake8 testresources pillow cpplint

8.7 安装各种格式化工具

sudo su
wget https://github.com/bazelbuild/buildtools/releases/download/v6.4.0/buildifier-linux-amd64 -O /usr/local/bin/buildifier
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/buildifier
cd /usr/local
mkdir java_lib
cd java_lib
wget https://github.com/google/google-java-format/releases/download/v1.19.1/google-java-format-1.19.1-all-deps.jar

8.8 安装bazel-compilation-database

sudo su
cd /usr/local
git clone https://github.com/grailbio/bazel-compilation-database.git
cd bazel-compilation-database
ln -sf generate.py bazel-compdb

9. 编译安装vim

9.1 编译安装

sudo apt autoremove --purge -y vim vim-runtime vim-tiny vim-common vim-scripts vim-doc
cd
mkdir -p src/software
git clone https://github.com/vim/vim.git
cd vim
./configure --enable-fail-if-missing --enable-luainterp=yes --enable-perlinterp=yes --enable-python3interp=yes --enable-tclinterp=yes --enable-rubyinterp=yes --enable-cscope --enable-terminal --enable-autoservername --enable-multibyte --enable-fontset --with-features=huge --with-luajit --with-tclsh=/usr/bin/tclsh --with-ruby-command=ruby --with-motif-lib=dynamic -with-tlib=ncurses
make -j20
sudo make install
sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/vim /usr/local/bin/vi

如果luajit找不到，则

sudo su
cp /usr/include/luajit-2.1/*.h /usr/include
ln -sf /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libluajit-5.1.so /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libluajit.so
exit

9.2 设置.vimrc

配置见附件 https://blog.xiedeacc.com/upload/.vimrc

9.3 安装插件

git clone https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim.git ~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim
vi
:PluginInstall

git clone https://github.com/powerline/fonts ~/.vim/bundle/vim-airline-fonts
cd ~/.vim/bundle/vim-airline-fonts && ./install.sh

cd ~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe
git submodule update --init --recursive
./install.py --all

10. 编译安装nginx

10.1 添加用户

groupadd nginx
useradd nginx -g nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M

10.2 编译安装

git clone  https://github.com/nginx/nginx.git
cd nginx && mkdir third_party && cd third_party
wget http://zlib.net/zlib-1.2.12.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/PhilipHazel/pcre2/releases/download/pcre2-10.39/pcre2-10.39.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/openssl/openssl/archive/refs/tags/openssl-3.0.2.tar.gz
cd ..

./auto/configure \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-threads \
--with-file-aio \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_v2_module \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_addition_module \
--with-http_xslt_module \
--with-http_image_filter_module \
--with-http_geoip_module \
--with-http_sub_module \
--with-http_dav_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_mp4_module \
--with-http_gunzip_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_auth_request_module \
--with-http_random_index_module \
--with-http_secure_link_module \
--with-http_degradation_module \
--with-http_slice_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_perl_module \
--with-perl=/usr/bin/perl \
--with-mail \
--with-mail_ssl_module \
--with-stream \
--with-stream_ssl_module \
--with-stream_realip_module \
--with-stream_geoip_module \
--with-stream_ssl_preread_module \
--with-cpp_test_module \
--with-compat   \
--with-pcre=./third_party/pcre2-10.39 \
--with-pcre-jit \
--with-zlib=./third_party/zlib-1.2.12 \
--with-openssl=./third_party/openssl-openssl-3.0.2 \
--with-libatomic \
--with-debug \
--pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/run/nginx.pid \
--lock-path=/usr/local/nginx/run/nginx.lock \
--error-log-path=/usr/local/nginx/log/error-log \
--http-log-path=/usr/local/nginx/log/access.log

make -j12
sudo make install

10.3 配置ssl

mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/ssl
chown -R ubuntu:ubuntu /usr/local/nginx/conf/ssl /usr/local/nginx/log

10.4 配置systemd

sudo vi /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

内容

[Unit]
Description=A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server
Documentation=man:nginx(8)
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/run/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -q -g 'daemon on; master\_process on;'
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -g 'daemon on; master\_process on;'
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -g 'daemon on; master\_process on;' -s reload
ExecStop=-/sbin/start-stop-daemon --quiet --stop --retry QUIT/5 --pidfile /usr/local/ningx/run/nginx.pid
TimeoutStopSec=5
KillMode=mixed
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动nginx

systemctl enable nginx.service
systemctl start nginx.service
systemctl stop nginx.service

11. 设置环境变量

vi ~/.zshrc

添加如下内容：

ulimit -c unlimited

source $HOME/.cargo/env
export PATH=$HOME/.cargo/bin:$PATH

export GOROOT=/usr/local/go
export GOPATH=$HOME/src/go
export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin:$GOPATH/bin
export GOSRC=$GOPATH/src
export GOBIN=$GOPATH/bin
export GOPKG=$GOPATH/pkg
export GO111MODULE=on

export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk-17.0.9
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JAVA_HOME/bin

export PATH=/usr/local/bazel-compilation-database:$PATH

12. 其他配置

vi /etc/default/grub
update-grub

apt update
apt install ntpdate
ntpdate ntp.ubuntu.com
hwclock --localtime --systohc

菜单

分享

ubuntu 22.04系统初始化

1. sudo免密码

2. 卸载系统自带软件

3. 更新系统源

4. apt安装软件

5. 开启ssh登录

5.1 生成ssh密钥

5.2 配置sshd

5.3 重启sshd

6. 桌面版配置

6.1 root登录桌面

6.2 图像模式和命令行模式切换

7. 系统配置

7.1 安装字体

7.2 虚拟机开启时间同步和USB兼容性

8. 安装开发常用软件

8.1 oh-my-zsh

8.2 rust

8.3 nvm

8.4 go

8.5 java

8.6 设置python

8.7 安装各种格式化工具

8.8 安装bazel-compilation-database

9. 编译安装vim

9.1 编译安装

9.2 设置.vimrc

9.3 安装插件

10. 编译安装nginx

10.1 添加用户

10.2 编译安装

10.3 配置ssl

10.4 配置systemd

11. 设置环境变量

12. 其他配置

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